Beach-reclamation works.



L. M. HAUPZ BEACH RECLAMATION WORKS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. u, 1910.

@vwd

L. M. HAUPT. BEACH REGLAMATION WORKS. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 17, 1910A1,010,139. Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

L. M. HAU. `SAH REGLAMATIGN WGRKS. APPLICATION MLED AUG. 1v, w10.

Tai ,$019, l 39. "fiamma Nov. 28, 2911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

wnEssEs L. M. HAUPT. BEACH RBCLAMATION WORKQ APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 17,1910.

Patented Nov. 28, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

nmmqevs wnNEssEs c?.

I citizen of the United States, residingwth" cation.

' aiding naturein the deposition ofV littoral'f drift carried by waves,winds, tides and currents along a coast, and to cause the dynamic manneras to defendthe coast or foreshore .other words, to convert theirdestructive ele- -nients into those of conservation, causing ac- Idrawings, as embodiments thereof,"whereby l UMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEWIS 4M. HAUPTQOF PHILADELPHIA, rENNsYLvANfA.

' BEACH-RECLAMATION WORKS.

i Specification f Lettersratent. Patented Nov.l 28,1911.

Application tiled August 17, 1910. lSerial No. 577,673..

To all whom it concern:

Be it known that I, L EWIS M. HAUPT, -a

city and county of Philadelphia, State of Pennsylvania, have'invented anew and useful Improvement in Beach-Reclamation lVorks, of which .thefollowing is a specifi` My invention relates to .beach or shorereclamation Works, and consists of means,.for

action ofthe tides, and breakers to cast said drift ashore or to impoundit in artificially created'neutral areas on the strand, insuc from theerosive action of said forces, or, in

cret-ion instead of detrusion. The means employedwill be hereinafterdescribed, atten'- tion being directed tothe accompanying these forcesare utilized for the desired ends.

Figure l represents a plan view of a beach or shore-reclamationWorkembodying my invention. Figs. Q, 3,4, 5 and 7 represent plan viewsrespectively of other forms thereof. Fig. 6 represents. a section online w- Fig. 5. Fig. 8 represents an elevation of Fig. 7.

Similar letters of reference indicatel corresponding parts inthe'igures.

Referring to the drawings :-A, Fig. l represents. a reclamation jettywhich extends seaward from a point at or near the high Water linetlexingin such manner asto meet and divide the prevailing angular wavemovement and entrain the inner portion of it shoreward while its outerportion swings around the convex face of the Work and expands into thegroin formed bythe jetty and the beach to leeward. The eftisiency ofthis jetty as a tool to convey the littoral drift shoreward, will dependon the prevailing direction of the angular wave movement with referenceto the contour of the shore line. Thus in Fig. l, if the waves approachgenerally in the direction a-b and the littoral drift is also alongshore, as indicated,

structing spurjetties built oneit then thebest results will be obtainedbym;

ingerirbending1the jetty .in the -manner indicated,s.o as to 'part thebreakers and forni a. protectin barrier extending seaward, the groins owhich c,

doesnot happen with thei'iorm'al straight letties S0 generally' inUSE-.....Thgrade salines-*60"*- t slope vof foreshore, prevailinglittoralQdrift; Winds,'material,etc.

of two vor more,as at e', e, 1n suc manner'asA toform expanding 'ocketswith narrow apetures or inlets, and suitable .cover,"to retar charged wih" sand,ca`sing^them to expand. with lossv of `velocityaiid jto de osittheir lsilt in the basin thu'sfor'med. 'Ehis series may b e protected'at-its'windward endV by a hooked jet y Hexed int the opposite directionf.' Thealinement, in plan,

as indicated at may be of s1mp1e,`compound'or reversed d will rapidly upcausingthe beach 'to move seaward even be'- yond the outer limits of thework; which contour `of coast Fig.'2 represents f'moinbination. offthe`basl'c reclamation jetty, arran 'ed in series and ecompose the incomingbreakers curves, or broken lines', as may be found most suitable for thesite in question. By these devices tlleiorces-.of the sea areutilized-'for th'tomatic reclamation of the foreshores andthe protectionof the bulkheads, in consequence of the deposits created and maintainedWithin the embayed areas.

Fig. 3 illustrates a structure near to and connected .with the shoreline, and in which C` D designate respectively a hurdle anda hookedjetty7 extending from said shore line outwardly eyond said line orbulkhead, so as .to cause gation andiimpnnndingwithin closelyconnedliiriits, thus protecting and covering the footing of saidbulkhead, andcausing rapid filling within 'the-inclosure.v Thisstructure is designed-to meet cases where the littoral drift has beenpreviously linterce ted by oblier or both flanks of the property asshown, and where, in consequence, it is necessary to gather materialfrom ,the vimmediate strand through the dynamic forces'of the depositionof sandl and its segrebreakers, generpermanence,byf-submergence oftheworks ated by an opposing barrier C, E and to cause itpto be 'carriedover a hurdle or hurdles of: suitable crest height and be impounded by atight inclosing wall from whence it may not escape seaward. For thiscase, I employ in connection with the parts C-and E, the supplementalhooked Jetty D,.this being built outon the propertyy line or othersuitable location to serve as au abutment'for the hurdle and also tofurnish a point dappui for a second wing E to 4defend the adjacentproperties from serious erosion by the sea. By the combination .of 4.the curves Aand grades placed ol shore, the

forces of the breakers, are greatlyreduced before reaching the uplanddunes2 anddeposits` are created in place of erosion. The curves alsodecompose the waves A,causin lat-` eral components, interference and reuced velocities `*which vfacilitate upbuilding and from theaccumulationof the drift.

In Fig. 4, 'I show an .embodiment wherev it :becomes necessary todispense entirely with the jetty D, Fig.' 3, extending out from theshore andfstill form a suicient shelter from prevailing storms to arrestthev deterioration of: the'blu's land create smooth and safe beaches bymeans of suitablyv designed barriers F, so pla-ced as to create anartificial lee. within and behind `which the seas 'mayddeposit and-buildup peninsular formations' vreaching ultimately to the.

strand as ;'t hedeposits accumulate. e The formsof these barriers maybecircular arcs, i elliptical, joval,- or polygonal, and be? com-- posedof compound .or reverse curves `-of variable radii, oriented withAreference 'to' ing advanced seaward of the barriers .I to

decompose the waves and cause lateral movements toward the' gaps asindicated bythe arrows. Thus the alluvialbluffs and properties aredefended by a rip-rap. or

other line of defense removed to'a safe distance from-the toe of the'slope creating a.

comparatively slack-water basin within, as?

shown in the cross-section one-b, Fig. 6.

Fig. 7 represents another simple form of offshore barrier or flyingbuttress.con-v striicted of timber or other suitable mateby thelong spurjetty'G, asshown by the` rial which possesses the advantage of ch`eap-`ness combined with Vbeauty'` and' stability. This ilyingbuttress iscomposed of a central concave section L with a hurdle M com bined withoutlying convex Hanks N, to the for the ready admission of the vsiltgathered from the outer' ramps by the breakers and thrown over the weirsto be impounded in cover and protect eroded beaches by. the 'automaticaction of the maritime forces.

, I am; aware that numerous jetties, sea# walls, breakwaters, bulkhead@groins-and `other ,devices have been built to recover and protectalluvial coasts from abrasion, but believe it will be found that thesestructures have'fbeen confined to the immediate foreshore and have beenplaced directly on 'the natural aceof the slope to be protected,` orthey have extended `normally in a straight line, or nearly so, acrossthe strandlto or beyond the low water contour.

which are. frequently 4undermined or overtopped' by breakers, and do notvadd to their stability by 'accretions. -due to `deposits `caused -bythe dynamic action of the mari- 'time lforces, as obtains in the formsand lpositions as proposed above. In this in- .battle some dist-anceseaward, reducing the forces; by, decomposition, providing cover,and-"lcalusingdepositionm thus driving the shore-contours seawardandprotecting the works automatically by :their own accretins, .Unlikemy.formerfLetters Patent, thesedesigns are not intended to createchannels bythe utilization of natural agencies, but to cause depositswhere they will resist the encroachnents of the sea, and

t-ivev elements, by their novel form and position, as already set forth.

Having thus described my inventiomwhat I claim as new and desiretol/secure by Letters Patent, is f 1. A beach-reclamation work composedof a resisting structure having its upper grade at or` above the planeof low water,the same forces prevailing on alluvial coasts, in suchmaterial -with' which thel breakers may become automatically charded;shoreward, and to cast it upon the-strand, to-be'impounded,

in sz'tmby thesaid works: F I,

2v Abeach-reclamationworlcom osed of a plurality -of resistingbarrlersgt 'e same havingtheir upper gradeat'orabove the erence to themaritime forcesfas to decomthe inclosed areas; thus operating to ref fThis p'o i.. ',jblanl'V resistance has involved` enormous expense formassive structures -v'ention it is Adesigned to transfer the line ofprotect life and "property from its destrucl being adapted as toutilizev th'e maritime.

manner as to cause said forces to impel the plane of'lowvwater andsoplaced with refright and left also'containing hurdles P 70 a pluralityof barriers of curved form or 'Witness-ee:

pose the said forces and create a lee, or hw L A heaehflei.aqaton workcom oeed of pounlmg basm for the deposltlon of .sllt a baffle? el eurvedform, and a ook or and the formatlon Aof bars or Shoals. hooks on theterminal thereof.

3. A beaeh-reclamation Work composed of LEWIS M. HAUPT.

forms, the same havin their upper grade flemme; HfRToN, at or above theplane o low Water. TELES. EAXTER.

